If Else Statements in Python

✅ In this post we will learn about If ..else statements in python . 

🔶This Post will cover following topics : 

• if statement
• if..else statements
• nested if statements
• if-elif ladder
• Short Hand if statement
• Short Hand if-else statement

if statement :

if statement is the most simple decision making statement. It is used to decide whether a certain statement or block of statements will be executed or not i.e if a certain condition is true then a block of statement is executed otherwise not.

Syntax:

if condition:           
   # Statements to execute if
   # condition is true

Here, condition after evaluation will be either true or false. if statement accepts boolean values – if the value is true then it will execute the block of statements below it otherwise not. We can use condition with bracket ‘(‘ ‘)’ also.

As we know, python uses indentation to identify a block. So the block under an if statement will be identified as shown in the below example:

if condition:
   statement1
statement2

# Here if the condition is true, if block 
# will consider only statement1 to be inside 
# its block.

Flowchart:-

# python program to illustrate If statement    i = 10 if (i > 15):    print ("10 is less than 15") print ("I am Not in if")

Output:

I am Not in if

As the condition present in the if statement is false. So, the block below the if statement is not executed.

if- else :

The if statement alone tells us that if a condition is true it will execute a block of statements and if the condition is false it won’t. But what if we want to do something else if the condition is false. Here comes the else statement. We can use the else statement with if statement to execute a block of code when the condition is false.

Syntax:

if (condition):
    # Executes this block if
    # condition is true
else:
    # Executes this block if
    # condition is false

Flow Chart:-

# python program to illustrate If else statement #!/usr/bin/python    i = 20; if (i < 15):     print ("i is smaller than 15")     print ("i'm in if Block") else:     print ("i is greater than 15")     print ("i'm in else Block") print ("i'm not in if and not in else Block")

Output:

i is greater than 15
i'm in else Block
i'm not in if and not in else Block

The block of code following the else statement is executed as the condition present in the if statement is false after call the statement which is not in block(without spaces).

nested-if :

A nested if is an if statement that is the target of another if statement. Nested if statements means an if statement inside another if statement. Yes, Python allows us to nest if statements within if statements. i.e, we can place an if statement inside another if statement.

Syntax:

if (condition1):
   # Executes when condition1 is true
   if (condition2): 
      # Executes when condition2 is true
   # if Block is end here
# if Block is end here

Flow chart:-

# python program to illustrate nested If statement #!/usr/bin/python i = 10 if (i == 10):     #  First if statement     if (i < 15):         print ("i is smaller than 15")     # Nested - if statement     # Will only be executed if statement above     # it is true     if (i < 12):         print ("i is smaller than 12 too")     else:         print ("i is greater than 15")

Output:

i is smaller than 15
i is smaller than 12 too

if-elif-else ladder

Here, a user can decide among multiple options. The if statements are executed from the top down. As soon as one of the conditions controlling the if is true, the statement associated with that if is executed, and the rest of the ladder is bypassed. If none of the conditions is true, then the final else statement will be executed.

Syntax:-

if (condition):
    statement
elif (condition):
    statement
.
.
else:
    statement

Flow Chart:-

Example:-

# Python program to illustrate if-elif-else ladder #!/usr/bin/python     i = 20 if (i == 10):     print ("i is 10") elif (i == 15):     print ("i is 15") elif (i == 20):     print ("i is 20") else:     print ("i is not present")

Output:

i is 20

Short Hand if statement :

Whenever there is only a single statement to be executed inside the if block then shorthand if can be used. The statement can be put on the same line as the if statement.
Syntax:

if condition: statement

Example:

# Python program to illustrate short hand if i = 10 if i < 15: print("i is less than 15")

Output:

i is less than 15

Short Hand if-else statement :

This can be used to write the if-else statements in a single line where there is only one statement to be executed in both if and else block.

Syntax:

statement_when_True if condition else statement_when_False

Example:

# Python program to illustrate short hand if-else i = 10 print(True) if i < 15 else print(False)

Output:

True

In the next post we will build a simple project using this concepts 😃

Happy Learning !!!